By Metropolitan
Kallistos Ware
“Why do we need to go to confession? Is it not enough to confess our sins with
sincerity in our private prayers each evening, will not God forgive us from the
very moment that we confess our sins? Yes,
as soon as we turn to God in true repentance He forgives us. God is always more ready to forgive than we to
repent. Even the slightest turning of
our heart will be blessed by God. Why
then are we taught also to go to the sacrament of confession?
First: there are no private sins, all sins affect our
brothers and sisters in Christ. All of
our sins, however secret, have an effect on the community. If I feel in my heart anger towards someone
else, even if I do not show it by word or action, that evil disposition in my
heart has a destructive effect on others around. Every sin is a sin against the community;
every sin however secret is a stumbling block for others and makes it harder
for them to serve Christ. In the early
Church confession was public. After the
fourth century, with the growth of the Christian community, that gave scandal
and so confession assumed its present form, as an opening of the heart before
the priest alone, under conditions of secrecy. But let us remember that during confession the
priest is there, among other things, as the representative of the community, of
the people. The fact that we confess not
just to God, but in the presence of a fellow man, shows that we acknowledge the
communal social dimension of all our sins. In confessing in his presence we are
also asking forgiveness from the community.
Once before the Divine Liturgy St. John of San Francisco was
hearing the confession of a man, and the man said: “Yes I know that what I have
done is a sin, I ask God’s forgiveness, but my heart is like a stone, I do not
feel any sorrow for my sin, it is all just in my brain.” So St. John said to him: “Go out into the
center of the church in front of the people and make a prostration before them
and then come back to me.” As the man
did this and knelt to ask forgiveness from the people before him, something
broke inside his heart and it came alive again. Suddenly he felt real compunction for what he
had done. He said “now it is different,”
and the Archbishop gave him forgiveness. That was the moment of turning for him because
he acknowledged that his sin was a sin against the community and he asked their
forgiveness. So in our confession let us
first of all recall that dimension. We
are also asking for forgiveness of our brothers and sisters for what we have
done. That is one reason to go to
confession, because sin is social.
Second: The spoken word, the uttered word has great force. This applies in two ways. First of all we listen to the spoken word of
the priest, the counsel that he gives, and it may be that what he says if
written down and put in a book would not seem so striking. It may be that it wouldn’t seem so remarkable.
But in confession the priest is praying
and we are praying for the light of the Holy Spirit, and he is addressing those
words under the guidance of the Holy Spirit to each one of us, to each penitent
personally. The words which looked at in
the abstract might seem obvious, common place, can prove words of fire when we
realize that they are being said to me personally here and now under the
inspiration of the Holy Spirit.
At the Russian convent in London many years ago there was a
priest, Fr. John, who didn’t much like hearing confessions, he didn’t much like
giving sermons either. He was a person
of few words and very humble, and didn’t feel he really had the authority to
offer counsel in confession, but he was blessed by the bishop to hear
confessions so he did so. On one
occasion a woman was telling him at immense length of her quarrels with her
husband: “I said this and he said this and I told him he was wrong and told him
this” and so it went on “and I told him this and this.” When she had finally stopped all Fr. John did
was to turn to her and say “And did it help?” and then he gave her absolution. That came as a sudden revelation to her, the
futility of the endless arguments she had with her husband, of her endless
desire to prove that she was right and that he was wrong. Suddenly she saw that there was no point to
all this, it was quite simply unnecessary and she stopped from that moment.
So the uttered word can have great power and that applies
also to what you or I utter when we make our confession. Yes we can confess our sins secretly in our
evening prayers and we should do so, but when we come before the holy icons in
church, when we have listened to the prayers and speak in the presence of the
priest, when we have to say these things aloud, often then it becomes powerful,
immediate, personally significant in a way it was not before.
The uttered word has great force and we find ourselves in
confession, by God’s grace, saying things that we never said in our private
prayers. Suddenly we are able to
understand more deeply and to express it more openly. Therein lies much of the grace of confession. The desert fathers say that a thought which is
concealed has great power over us, but if we can find a way to bring it into
the open and to speak of it, it loses its power. That is also what the modern psychiatrists
tell us, but the desert fathers said it first! So, the uttered word that we bring in
confession can have a sacramental force and a healing grace which will surprise
us.
But then there is a third thing, not just what the priest
does when he offers advice, not just what we do when we try to speak the truth
in Christ. There is also what Christ
does. Confession is a mystery of the
Church that confers sacramental grace, there is power within it, Divine power.
When the priest lays his hand upon our head in Confession, it is Christ who
lays his hand upon us, Christ who forgives and that is certainly the deepest
and most profound reason why we should go to Confession. When such grace and such healing is offered to
us, who among us dare refuse to accept such an opportunity.”
